Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 14, 2026
Methods to Evaluate Cytotoxicity and Immunosuppression of Combustible Tobacco Product Preparations
Published on: January 10, 2015
Iqmik: a form of smokeless tobacco used among Alaska natives
Caroline C Renner1, Carrie Enoch, Christi A Patten
1Office of Alaska Native Health Research, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA. ccrenner@anmc.org
Objectives:
To describe a homemade form of smokeless tobacco known as Iqmik used among Alaska Natives residing in western Alaska.
Methods:
Individual and small-group interviews were conducted with 23 adult Alaska Natives. The major themes from the interview data were summarized. A chemical analysis was conducted of the alkalinity of a sample of fungus ash used to prepare Iqmik.
Results:
Few adverse health effects of using Iqmik were reported. The alkalinity of the sample of fungus ash was high (pH=10.9).
Conclusion:
The high alkalinity of Iqmik may contribute to the higher rates of tobacco use in this population.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Stimulants
Cocaine can be administered via snorting, injection, or smoking. It primarily functions by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, resulting in a euphoric high characterized by an intense sensation of happiness and...
03:55Titration Calculations: Weak Acid - Strong Base
For the titration of 25.00 mL of 0.100 M CH3CO2H with 0.100 M NaOH, the reaction can be represented as:
02:45Alkyl Halides
Alkyl halides are halogen-substituted alkanes wherein one or more hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine. The carbon atom in an alkyl halide is bonded to the halogen atom, which is sp3-hybridized and exhibits a tetrahedral shape.
Unlike alkyl halides, compounds in which a halogen atom is bonded to an sp2 -hybridized carbon atom of a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) are called vinyl halides. Whereas aryl...
03:26Acids, Bases and Neutralization Reactions