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Malignant lymphomas in Jos, Nigeria: a ten-year study
1Department of Pathology, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State, Nigeria.
The Central African Journal of Medicine
|January 1, 1992
Summary
Malignant lymphomas (ML) in Nigeria show a high incidence, with Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) being more common than Hodgkin's disease (HD). Burkitt's lymphoma is a significant subtype, often presenting as an abdominal tumor.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Epidemiology
- Hematology
Background:
- Malignant lymphomas (ML) are a significant group of cancers.
- Understanding the epidemiology of ML is crucial for public health interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the incidence and characteristics of malignant lymphomas diagnosed in Jos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria.
- To analyze the subtypes, age distribution, sex ratio, and clinical presentation of ML.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 167 cases of ML diagnosed between 1979 and 1988.
- Analysis of incidence rates, median age, male:female ratios, histological subtypes, and clinical presentations.
Main Results:
- Overall ML incidence was 13.4 per 100,000, with a median age of 29 and male:female ratio of 3:1.
- Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) constituted 67.7% and Hodgkin's disease (HD) 32.3%.
- African Burkitt's lymphoma type was a common NHL subtype (24.7%), with a median age of 10 years and often presenting as an abdomino-pelvic tumor (67.8%).
- Painless peripheral lymphadenopathy was the commonest presentation for NHL and HD (55% and 67% respectively).
- Primary extranodal presentation occurred in 90% of ML cases, predominantly NHL, with Burkitt's lymphoma accounting for 80% of these.
Conclusions:
- Malignant lymphomas, particularly NHL and Burkitt's lymphoma, represent a significant health burden in Nigeria.
- Early diagnosis and understanding of specific subtype presentations are vital for effective management.