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Related Experiment Videos

Smoking, cortisol and nicotine.

Andrew Steptoe1, Michael Ussher

  • 1Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 6BT, UK. a.steptoe@ucl.ac.uk

International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology
|December 13, 2005
PubMed
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Smokers have higher daily cortisol levels than non-smokers. Smoking cessation significantly decreases cortisol, with nicotine patches not fully preventing this reduction, impacting neuroendocrine function.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Neuroscience
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • Cigarette smoking is linked to elevated cortisol, but findings on smoker vs. non-smoker cortisol levels are inconsistent.
  • The role of cortisol responses in smoking cessation remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare daily cortisol profiles in smokers and non-smokers.
  • To investigate cortisol changes during smoking cessation with nicotine replacement therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Saliva samples collected from 196 adults over a day on work/weekend days (Study 1).
  • Cortisol monitored over 6 weeks in 112 smokers undergoing cessation with nicotine patches (Study 2).

Main Results:

  • Smokers exhibited significantly higher daily cortisol levels and greater cortisol responses to waking compared to non-smokers.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Smoking cessation led to an abrupt and sustained decrease in salivary cortisol.
  • Nicotine patches did not fully prevent the cortisol reduction post-cessation.

    • Conclusions:

    • Elevated cortisol in smokers is likely due to nicotine exposure.
    • Smoking cessation significantly alters cortisol levels, suggesting a role for neuroendocrine changes.
    • Nicotine replacement therapy may not be sufficient to maintain elevated cortisol levels during cessation.