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Trametes versicolor: a possible tool for aflatoxin control.

Slaven Zjalic1, Massimo Reverberi, Alessandra Ricelli

  • 1Department of Plant Biology, L.go Cristina di Svezia, 24, 00165-Roma, Italy.

International Journal of Food Microbiology
|December 13, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Trametes versicolor extracts effectively inhibit aflatoxin production by Aspergillus parasiticus. These mushroom-derived compounds, rich in beta-glucans, show significant antioxidant activity and potential as natural agents against mycotoxin contamination.

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Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Food Science
  • Natural Product Chemistry

Background:

  • Aflatoxins, produced by Aspergillus parasiticus, pose significant genotoxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic risks.
  • Controlling aflatoxin contamination remains a challenge despite ongoing research.
  • Antioxidants and compounds from basidiomycetes, like Trametes versicolor, show potential for inhibiting aflatoxin production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of Trametes versicolor culture filtrates and their derived extracts in inhibiting aflatoxin production by Aspergillus parasiticus.
  • To explore the relationship between the antioxidant activity, beta-glucan content, and aflatoxin inhibition capabilities of T. versicolor extracts.

Main Methods:

  • Lyophilized culture filtrates from various T. versicolor isolates were processed to extract exopolysaccharides and glycoproteins.

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  • These extracts were added to liquid cultures and inoculated seeds (maize, wheat) of a toxigenic A. parasiticus strain.
  • Fungal growth, aflatoxin production, antioxidant capacity (crocin test), beta-glucan content, and gene expression (norA, aflR) were analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • T. versicolor extracts inhibited aflatoxin production by 40% to over 90% in both liquid cultures and inoculated seeds.
    • No interference with fungal growth or toxin output from mycelia was observed.
    • A strong correlation was found between antioxidant activity, beta-glucan content, and the degree of aflatoxin inhibition.
    • Molecular analysis revealed significant inhibition of norA mRNA expression and delayed aflR mRNA transcription.

    Conclusions:

    • Trametes versicolor extracts, particularly those rich in beta-glucans, are effective inhibitors of aflatoxin production.
    • These fungal extracts possess promising antioxidant properties that contribute to mycotoxin inhibition.
    • T. versicolor filtrates and fractions represent potential natural agents for managing aflatoxin contamination in food and agricultural products.