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Related Experiment Videos

Regional brain response patterns to Cheyne-Stokes breathing.

Luke A Henderson1, Katherine E Macey, Paul M Macey

  • 1Department of Neurobiology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1763, USA.

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology
|December 13, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Cheyne-Stokes breathing involves disrupted sensory-motor integration. Brain imaging revealed specific areas like the cerebellum and hippocampus are involved in this breathing disorder during sleep.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Respiratory Physiology

Background:

  • Cheyne-Stokes breathing (CSB) arises from impaired sensory-motor integration in respiratory control.
  • The specific brain regions responsible for disturbed CSB control remain largely unknown.
  • Understanding these regions is crucial for developing targeted therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the brain regions functionally altered during Cheyne-Stokes breathing (CSB) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.
  • To investigate the neural correlates of impaired respiratory control during sleep.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed to monitor brain activity in two male patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea.
  • fMRI scans were conducted during sleep, specifically capturing periods exhibiting Cheyne-Stokes breathing (CSB).

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  • Analysis focused on signal changes in various brain regions coincident with apneic events and breathing onset.

    • Main Results:

    • Increased fMRI signals were observed bilaterally in the cerebellar cortex, hippocampus, mediodorsal thalamus, frontal cortex, and precentral gyrus during apneic periods.
    • Decreased fMRI signals were noted bilaterally in the anterior cingulate cortex and postcentral gyrus.
    • Reduced primary sensory cortex activation and anticipatory motor cortex signals suggest altered sensory feedback and motor preparation.

    Conclusions:

    • The study implicates cerebellar, hippocampal, thalamic, and cortical regions in the pathophysiology of Cheyne-Stokes breathing (CSB).
    • Findings suggest a loss of sensory feedback from airflow and anticipatory motor cortex activity contribute to CSB.
    • Hippocampal and anterior cingulate cortex roles in respiratory initiation and sensory-motor processing are further supported.