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Related Experiment Videos

Auditory-visual fusion in speech perception in children with cochlear implants.

Efrat A Schorr1, Nathan A Fox, Virginie van Wassenhove

  • 1Department of Human Development/Institute of Child Study, University of Maryland, 3304 Benjamin Building, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|December 13, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Children born deaf, after receiving cochlear implants, showed varied abilities to integrate sound and lip movements for speech perception. Vision often dominated, but some achieved strong auditory-visual fusion, especially when implanted young.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Audiology
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Speech perception is typically bimodal, integrating auditory and visual cues.
  • Congenital deafness prevents this natural bimodal experience from birth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate auditory-visual speech perception in children with congenital deafness who received cochlear implants.
  • To assess their ability to fuse auditory information from implants with visual lip movements.

Main Methods:

  • Tested speech perception in children with cochlear implants using conflicting auditory and visual speech information.
  • Analyzed the degree of bimodal fusion and visual dominance.

Main Results:

  • 92% of children with implants showed vision-dominated perception when auditory and visual cues conflicted.

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  • Some children demonstrated strong auditory-visual fusion, indicating neural plasticity.
  • Consistent fusion ability decreased for children implanted after 2.5 years of age.

    • Conclusions:

    • Cochlear implants can enable some auditory-visual speech integration in congenitally deaf children.
    • A sensitive period for bimodal speech integration appears to exist, likely closing around 2.5 years of age.
    • Early implantation may be crucial for optimal development of auditory-visual speech perception.