A candidate gene approach to searching for low-penetrance breast and prostate cancer genes
- D J Hunter , E Riboli , C A Haiman , D Albanes , D Altshuler , S J Chanock , R B Haynes , B E Henderson , R Kaaks , D O Stram , G Thomas , M J Thun , H Blanché , J E Buring , N P Burtt , E E Calle , H Cann , F Canzian , Y C Chen , G A Colditz , D G Cox , A M Dunning , H S Feigelson , M L Freedman , J M Gaziano , E Giovannucci , S E Hankinson , J N Hirschhorn , R N Hoover , T Key , L N Kolonel , P Kraft , L Le Marchand , S Liu , J Ma , S Melnick , P Pharaoh , M C Pike , C Rodriguez , V W Setiawan , M J Stampfer , E Trapido , R Travis , J Virtamo , S Wacholder , W C Willett ,
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Most breast and prostate cancers involve multiple low-penetrance genes, not just high-penetrance mutations. This consortium analyzes variations in steroid-hormone and IGF pathways to understand cancer risk.
Area Of Science
- Oncology
- Genetics
- Epidemiology
Background
- Most breast and prostate cancers lack high-penetrance gene mutations, suggesting polygenic inheritance.
- Previous gene identification studies for these cancers have yielded limited success.
- Understanding genetic risk factors is crucial for cancer prevention and treatment strategies.
Approach
- Initiated the National Cancer Institute Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium.
- Pooled data from multiple large cohort studies, including over 5,000 breast and 8,000 prostate cancer cases.
- Characterized variations in approximately 50 genes within key cancer-related pathways.
Key Points
- Focused on two critical pathways: steroid-hormone metabolism and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling.
- Investigated the association between genetic variations in these pathways and cancer risk.
- Aims to identify low-penetrance risk alleles contributing to common cancers.
Conclusions
- The consortium provides a robust platform for investigating the genetic architecture of breast and prostate cancers.
- Findings will elucidate the role of common genetic variants in cancer etiology.
- This research is essential for advancing personalized risk assessment and targeted therapies.
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