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Safe cooling limits from exercise-induced hyperthermia.

C I Proulx1, M B Ducharme, G P Kenny

  • 1Laboratory of Human Bioenergetics and Environmental Physiology, University of Ottawa, Montpetit Hall, Room 367, 125 University Avenue, K1N 6N5 Ottawa, Canada.

European Journal of Applied Physiology
|December 13, 2005
PubMed
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This study compared core temperature measurements during cooling of hyperthermic individuals. It found that rectal temperature can be safely cooled to specific limits to avoid hypothermia, with colder water enabling faster cooling.

Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Thermoregulation
  • Environmental Physiology

Background:

  • Hyperthermia during exercise poses health risks.
  • Effective cooling strategies are crucial for athletes and individuals in hot environments.
  • Accurate core temperature monitoring is essential for safe cooling protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate cooling rates of hyperthermic subjects using esophageal, rectal, and aural canal temperatures.
  • To compare the accuracy of these three core temperature indices during cooling.
  • To establish safe rectal temperature limits to prevent hypothermia during cooling.

Main Methods:

  • Seven subjects exercised to induce hyperthermia (rectal temperature [T (re)] to ~40.0°C).
  • Subjects were immersed in water baths at 2°C, 8°C, 14°C, and 20°C until T (re) returned to 37.5°C.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Esophageal (T (es)) and aural canal (T (ac)) temperatures were monitored alongside T (re).

    • Main Results:

    • Cooling rates were significantly faster in colder water (2°C water showed the fastest cooling).
    • During cooling, T (es) and T (ac) approached hypothermic levels, especially in 2°C water.
    • Safe cooling limits were defined: cool T (re) to 37.8°C in water >10°C, and to 38.6°C in water <10°C.

    Conclusions:

    • Rectal temperature is a viable measure for monitoring cooling, but safe limits must be observed.
    • Colder immersion temperatures (e.g., 2°C) provide more rapid heat loss.
    • The study provides evidence-based guidelines for safe cooling of hyperthermic individuals to prevent hypothermia.