Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 14, 2026

Screening of Axonal Degeneration in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Using Ultrasonography and Nerve Conduction Studies
Published on: January 11, 2019
Assessment of four midcarpal radiologic determinations
Mickey S Cho1, Vincent Battista, Norman H Dubin
1United States Army Medical Corps, William Beaumont Army Medical Center, El Paso, TX, USA.
The triangulation method offers superior reproducibility and reliability for assessing wrist alignment compared to traditional angles. This makes it a more dependable tool for orthopedic measurements.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Radiology
- Biomechanics
Background:
- Static carpal alignment is crucial for wrist function.
- Existing radiologic methods like scapholunate, radiolunate, and capitolunate angles have limitations.
- A need exists for more reliable and reproducible measurement techniques.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the intraobserver reproducibility and interobserver reliability of the triangulation method.
- To compare the triangulation method with established angles (scapholunate, radiolunate, capitolunate) for static carpal alignment.
Main Methods:
- Twenty orthopedic residents and staff performed four radiologic measurements on digitized wrist radiographs.
- Measurements included scapholunate, radiolunate, capitolunate angles, and the triangulation method.
- Measurements were repeated after 30 days to assess reproducibility and reliability.
Main Results:
- The triangulation method demonstrated the highest intra- and interobserver agreement.
- This agreement was significantly better than for capitolunate and radiolunate angles.
- The scapholunate angle showed the next best reproducibility and reliability.
Conclusions:
- The triangulation method is a more reproducible and reliable technique for assessing static midcarpal alignment.
- It offers superior observer agreement compared to scapholunate, radiolunate, and capitolunate angles.
- Further validation is needed as no radiographic gold standard currently exists.
Related Concept Videos
Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a short...
Assessment of the Cardiovascular System III: Palpation
Jugular Venous Pressure (JVP) Measurement
Position the patient at a thirty- to forty-five-degree angle or in a semi-fowler's position. Look for the highest point of pulsation in the internal jugular vein and measure the vertical distance to the angle of Loius or sternal angle. A normal JVP is 3-4 cm above the...
Muscles of the Forearm that Move the Hand and Fingers
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment muscles originate from the humerus. They primarily function as flexors and are also known as flexor muscles. They typically insert on the carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges. The superficial layer includes the flexor carpi radialis,...
Assessment of radial pulse
The radial pulse, located at the wrist, is often the preferred site for assessing peripheral pulse because of its accessibility and dependability. The process of determining the radial pulse involves several steps:
Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation
Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna