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Related Concept Videos

Conserved Binding Sites01:49

Conserved Binding Sites

Many proteins’ biological role depends on their interactions with their ligands, small molecules that bind to specific locations on the protein known as ligand-binding sites. Ligand-binding sites are often conserved among homologous proteins as these sites are critical for protein function.
Binding sites are often located in large pockets, and if their location on a protein’s surface is unknown, it can be predicted using various approaches. The energetic method computationally analyses the...
Ligand Binding and Linkage00:49

Ligand Binding and Linkage

Allosteric proteins have more than one ligand binding site; the binding of a ligand to any of these sites influences the binding of ligands to the other sites. When a protein is allosteric, its binding sites are called coupled or linked.  In the case of enzymes, the site that binds to the substrate is known as the active site and the other site is known as the regulatory site. When a ligand binds to the regulatory site, this leads to conformational changes in the protein that can influence the...
Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators02:13

Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators

Transcriptional regulators bind to specific cis-regulatory sequences in the DNA to regulate gene transcription. These cis-regulatory sequences are very short, usually less than ten nucleotide pairs in length. The short length means that there is a high probability of the exact same sequence randomly occurring throughout the genome.  Since regulators can also bind to groups of similar sequences, this further increases the chances of random binding. Transcriptional regulators form dimers that...
Ligand Binding and Linkage00:49

Ligand Binding and Linkage

Allosteric proteins have more than one ligand binding site; the binding of a ligand to any of these sites influences the binding of ligands to the other sites. When a protein is allosteric, its binding sites are called coupled or linked.  In the case of enzymes, the site that binds to the substrate is known as the active site and the other site is known as the regulatory site. When a ligand binds to the regulatory site, this leads to conformational changes in the protein that can influence the...
Conserved Binding Sites01:49

Conserved Binding Sites

Many proteins’ biological role depends on their interactions with their ligands, small molecules that bind to specific locations on the protein known as ligand-binding sites. Ligand-binding sites are often conserved among homologous proteins as these sites are critical for protein function.
Binding sites are often located in large pockets, and if their location on a protein’s surface is unknown, it can be predicted using various approaches. The energetic method computationally analyses the...
Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators02:13

Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators

Transcriptional regulators bind to specific cis-regulatory sequences in the DNA to regulate gene transcription. These cis-regulatory sequences are very short, usually less than ten nucleotide pairs in length. The short length means that there is a high probability of the exact same sequence randomly occurring throughout the genome.  Since regulators can also bind to groups of similar sequences, this further increases the chances of random binding. Transcriptional regulators form dimers that...

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Creating Objects and Object Categories for Studying Perception and Perceptual Learning
14:38

Creating Objects and Object Categories for Studying Perception and Perceptual Learning

Published on: November 2, 2012

Instruction-induced feature binding.

Dorit Wenke1, Robert Gaschler, Dieter Nattkemper

  • 1Department of Psychology, Humboldt University at Berlin, Rudower Chaussee 18, 12489, Berlin, Germany. dorit.wenke@psychologie.hu-berlin.de

Psychological Research
|December 13, 2005
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New task instructions create stimulus-response (S-R) bindings immediately, influencing unrelated tasks. This demonstrates that simply reading instructions can form cognitive links without prior practice.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Factors

Background:

  • Understanding how humans form cognitive associations is crucial for learning and task performance.
  • Previous research suggests stimulus-response (S-R) mappings are learned through practice and experience.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if explicit instructions alone can create S-R bindings for a new task.
  • To determine if these instructed S-R bindings influence performance on a concurrent, unrelated task.

Main Methods:

  • Development of an ABBA dual-task paradigm.
  • Participants received new S-R instructions for Task A at the start of each trial.
  • A logically independent Task B was performed immediately after Task A instructions, before Task A's stimulus presentation.

Main Results:

  • Performance on the embedded Task B was significantly influenced by the instructed S-R mappings of Task A.
  • This influence occurred even though Task A's instructions were unpracticed and irrelevant to Task B.
  • The findings indicate that instructed S-R mappings can form cognitive bindings without task execution.

Conclusions:

  • Explicit instructions are sufficient to establish S-R feature bindings.
  • These bindings can exert an influence on cognitive processes even in the absence of practice or task relevance.
  • This has implications for understanding rapid learning and cognitive control mechanisms.