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Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Quantitative Metabolomics of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Using Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Published on: January 5, 2021
Determination of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs in water samples using liquid chromatography coupled with
Jolanta Debska1, Agata Kot-Wasik, Jacek Namiesnik
1Department of Analytical Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdansk University of Technology, Poland. chemanal@pg.gda.pl
Abstract:
An analytical method for the determination of trace levels of six different nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in water samples has been developed and validated. Environmentally relevant pharmaceuticals were chosen according to human consumption in Poland. Final analysis of the target compounds was performed by RP LC-diode-array detection-MS, whereas sample preparation included an SPE step. For this SPE step, a number of packing materials, such as LiChrolut RP-18, calixarene, Strata-X, BAKERBOND Narc-2, BAKERBOND Polar Plus, BAKERBOND styrene divinylbenzene-1, and Discovery DSC-18, were used, and their respective advantages and disadvantages in this study were discussed. The RP-18 phase was found to be the most retentive for all analytes. The detection limits for compounds in surface waters were varied from 0.005 for diflunisal to 0.095 microg/L for ibuprofen. The average recoveries of NSAIDs from the surface water samples ranged from 80 up to 103%. RSD value is relatively low (from 4% for fenoprofen up to 8% for ibuprofen). The performance of the method was tested with several environmental water samples.
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