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Effect of mineral trioxide aggregate on cytokine production by peritoneal macrophages
T M B Rezende1, D L Vargas, F P Cardoso
1Departamento de Dentística Restauradora, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Aim:
To test the effect of two commercial brands of grey mineral trioxide aggregate (ProRoot and MTA-Angelus) on cytokine production by M1 and M2 inflammatory macrophages.
Methodology:
M1 (from C57BL/6 mice) and M2 peritoneal inflammatory macrophages (from C57BL/6 IL12p40-/- mice) were obtained and cultured in vitro in the presence of MTA. The cellular viability and the production of tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-10 in response to stimulation with interferon-gamma and Fusobacterium nucleatum or Peptostreptococcus anaerobius were evaluated. Data were analysed by Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and anova tests.
Results:
The cements did not interfere with cellular viability or with cytokine production by either type of macrophage. However, M2 macrophages produced higher levels of IL-10 when stimulated with F. nucleatum than M1 macrophages (P < 0.05).
Conclusions:
The brands of MTA evaluated did not interfere in the cytokine response by M1 or M2 macrophages to the two bacteria tested. However, a difference in cytokine production between the two types of macrophages was found.
Insights
Two brands of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) did not affect macrophage cytokine production. However, M2 macrophages produced more IL-10 than M1 macrophages when stimulated by Fusobacterium nucleatum.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Biomaterials Science
Background:
- Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is a widely used dental material.
- Understanding MTA's interaction with the immune system is crucial for clinical applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of two commercial MTA brands on M1 and M2 macrophage cytokine production.
- To assess MTA's effect on macrophage viability and inflammatory responses to bacterial stimuli.
Main Methods:
- Primary M1 and M2 macrophages were cultured in vitro with MTA.
- Cellular viability and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-12, IL-10) production were measured.
- Macrophages were stimulated with interferon-gamma and bacteria (Fusobacterium nucleatum, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius).
Main Results:
- MTA did not negatively affect macrophage viability or cytokine production.
- M2 macrophages exhibited significantly higher IL-10 production than M1 macrophages upon F. nucleatum stimulation.
- No significant differences in TNF-α or IL-12 production were observed between M1 and M2 macrophages.
Conclusions:
- Commercial MTA brands do not interfere with M1 or M2 macrophage cytokine responses to the tested bacteria.
- Distinct cytokine production profiles exist between M1 and M2 macrophages, particularly IL-10, when challenged with F. nucleatum.
