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Related Experiment Videos

Type 0 ulnar longitudinal deficiency.

Timothy G Havenhill1, Paul R Manske, Archit Patel

  • 1Shriners Hospital for Children, St. Louis Unit, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.

The Journal of Hand Surgery
|December 14, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Type 0 ulnar longitudinal deficiency (ULD) involves hand and carpus deformities without forearm or elbow issues. This classification helps diagnose isolated ulnar-sided hand deficiencies.

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Area of Science:

  • Hand surgery
  • Congenital limb anomalies
  • Pediatric orthopedics

Background:

  • Ulnar longitudinal deficiency (ULD) is a spectrum of congenital anomalies affecting the ulna and forearm.
  • Previous classifications did not fully address ULD isolated to the hand.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize type 0 ULD, defined by deficiencies solely within the hand and carpus.
  • To propose the inclusion of type 0 ULD in existing classification systems.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of patient records, radiographs, and clinical photographs from 1960-2005.
  • Inclusion criteria: patients diagnosed with ectrodactyly, hand hypoplasia, or ULD.
  • Focus on identifying cases of ULD isolated to the hand.

Main Results:

  • Thirteen affected extremities were identified.
  • Common findings included absence or hypoplasia of the ulnar rays (small and ring fingers).
  • Associated anomalies: syndactyly, delta phalanx, and carpal fusions (e.g., capitohamate joint).

Conclusions:

  • Type 0 ULD encompasses isolated ulnar-sided hand deficiencies, including ectrodactyly and synostosis.
  • This classification clarifies cases with normal forearms and elbow.
  • Addition of type 0 to ULD classification systems is recommended for improved diagnosis.

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