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Dinitrogen production from nitrite by a nitrosomonas isolate.

¹Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Riverside, California 92507.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology

|October 1, 1986

Summary

A novel bacterium reduces nitrite to nitrogen gas during ammonium oxidation under oxygen stress. This chemolithotroph, identified as Nitrosomonas sp., uses carbon dioxide as its sole carbon source.

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Environmental Science
Biogeochemistry

Background:

Ammonium oxidation is a key process in nitrification.
Understanding microbial adaptations to oxygen stress is crucial for nitrogen cycling.
Nitrite reduction to nitrogen gas (denitrification) is a significant nitrogen loss pathway.

Purpose of the Study:

To isolate and characterize a bacterium capable of ammonium oxidation coupled with nitrite reduction under oxygen stress.
To investigate the metabolic capabilities and taxonomic identity of this novel organism.
To understand its role in nitrogen cycling in stream sediments.

Main Methods:

Isolation of bacteria from stream sediments.
Cultivation under specific oxygen conditions.
Metabolic analysis including carbon source utilization and gas production.
Gram staining, motility tests, and identification using established microbiological techniques.

Main Results:

Successfully isolated a chemolithotrophic bacterium from stream sediments.
The bacterium oxidized ammonium while reducing nitrite to N(2) under oxygen stress.
Growth was observed with CO(2) as the sole carbon source, indicating chemolithoautotrophy.
The organism was identified as a gram-negative, motile, short rod, belonging to the genus Nitrosomonas.

Conclusions:

A Nitrosomonas sp. was identified that couples ammonium oxidation with nitrite reduction to N(2) under oxygen-limited conditions.
This finding reveals a novel metabolic pathway in nitrification, potentially impacting nitrogen loss in aquatic environments.
The organism's ability to thrive under oxygen stress highlights microbial adaptation in dynamic ecosystems.

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