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Related Experiment Videos

Physiological and pathophysiological aspects of ceramide.

Erich Gulbins1, Pin Lan Li

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, Germany. erich.gulbins@uni-essen.de

American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
|December 15, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Cell membrane rafts reorganize upon stimulation, forming ceramide-enriched platforms that amplify signaling. These platforms are crucial for apoptosis, infections, and cardiovascular functions.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Cell activation involves signaling protein activity changes and signalosome reorganization.
  • Distinct cell membrane domains, known as rafts, spatially organize signaling molecules.
  • Receptor and stress stimuli can alter rafts by generating ceramide.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of ceramide-enriched membrane platforms in cellular signaling.
  • To understand how these platforms facilitate and amplify stimulus-specific signaling.
  • To explore the involvement of these membrane domains in apoptosis, infections, and cardiovascular functions.

Main Methods:

  • Activation of acid sphingomyelinase by stimuli.
  • Translocation of acid sphingomyelinase to the extracellular cell membrane leaflet.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Generation of ceramide and formation of ceramide-enriched membrane platforms.

    • Main Results:

    • Stimuli activate acid sphingomyelinase, leading to ceramide generation.
    • Ceramide promotes the fusion of small rafts into large, ceramide-enriched platforms.
    • These platforms cluster receptors, recruit signaling molecules, and exclude inhibitory factors.

    Conclusions:

    • Ceramide-enriched membrane platforms act as facilitators and amplifiers of specific cellular signaling.
    • These platforms play a critical role in apoptosis induction, mammalian cell infections, and cardiovascular regulation.