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Updated: Aug 14, 2026
Computed Tomography (CT) Guided Implantation of a Totally Implantable Venous Access Port (TIVAP) through Subclavian Vein
Published on: January 13, 2026
Surgical technique for totally implantable access ports (TIAP) needs improvement: a multivariate analysis of 400
Christoph M Seiler1, Boris E Frohlich, Ulrich J Dorsam
1Department of General Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Background:
The objective of this study was to analyze factors that may have an impact on the failure rate of the surgical implantation technique for totally implantable access ports (TIAP) and to assess whether morbidity rates differ between a primarily successful surgical and a secondary Seldinger approach.
Methods:
Four hundred consecutive patients receiving a primary TIAP in local anesthesia were included into this retrospective cohort study. A logistic regression-model was used to evaluate reasons for failure of the TIAP method.
Results:
Three hundred eighteen (79.5%) patients had a successful TIAP procedure, 82 patients were intraoperatively converted to a Seldinger technique. Reasons for failure were: correct positioning impossible n = 54, no or only an undersized vessel for insertion available n = 17, other reasons n = 11. Logistic regression analysis did not reveal any significant factor for failure of the primary surgical approach. In the group with primarily successful TIAP, 8 of 318 patients (3%) developed complications compared to 7 of 82 patients (9%) converted to a Seldinger technique.
Conclusion:
Failure of the surgical approach for implanting totally implantable access ports is related to insertion and positioning. Conversion to a Seldinger technique results in a higher complication rate. A modified approach for surgical port placement should be considered in order to reduce complications.
