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Screening of antimicrobial activities in Trichoderma isolates representing three trichoderma sections.

Juan A Vizcaíno1, Luis Sanz, Angela Basilio

  • 1Spanish-Portuguese Center of Agricultural Research (CIALE), Department of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Salamanca, Edificio Departamental lab 208, Plaza Doctores de la Reina s/n, ES-37007 Salamanca, Spain.

Mycological Research
|December 16, 2005
PubMed
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Methanol extracts from 24 Trichoderma isolates demonstrated broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against bacteria, yeasts, and fungi. Strains from T. sect. Pachybasium and T. sect. Longibrachiatum showed the most potent inhibitory effects, highlighting their biocontrol potential.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Mycology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Trichoderma species are widely recognized for their biocontrol capabilities.
  • Antimicrobial properties of Trichoderma extracts are crucial for developing biological control agents.
  • Understanding the taxonomic section's influence on antimicrobial activity is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To screen methanol extracts from 24 Trichoderma isolates for antimicrobial activity.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of Trichoderma isolates against a panel of bacteria, yeasts, and filamentous fungi.
  • To determine if antimicrobial activity correlates with taxonomic sections and growth media.

Main Methods:

  • Methanol extracts from 24 Trichoderma isolates (representing T. sect. Trichoderma, T. sect. Pachybasium, and T. sect. Longibrachiatum) were prepared.

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  • Antimicrobial activity was tested against seven bacteria, seven yeasts, and six filamentous fungi using two media: potato dextrose broth and CYS80.
  • Inhibitory effects were assessed, and data were analyzed for significant differences and correlations.

    • Main Results:

    • All tested Trichoderma isolates exhibited at least one form of antimicrobial activity.
    • No significant difference in the number of active strains was observed between the two culture media.
    • Trichoderma sect. Pachybasium isolates showed the highest activity against bacteria and fungi, while T. sect. Longibrachiatum isolates were most effective against yeasts.
    • A correlation was found between anti-yeast and antifungal activities, with T. asperellum and T. longibrachiatum strains showing the best non-enzymatic antimicrobial profiles.

    Conclusions:

    • Trichoderma isolates possess significant non-enzymatic antimicrobial properties against a diverse range of microorganisms.
    • Antimicrobial efficacy varies among taxonomic sections, with Pachybasium and Longibrachiatum sections being particularly promising.
    • These findings support the use of specific Trichoderma isolates and species, such as T. asperellum and T. longibrachiatum, as potential biocontrol agents.