Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Infection01:20

Infection

When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
Defense Mechanism Against Infection01:26

Defense Mechanism Against Infection

Natural flora, body system defenses, and inflammation are natural barriers of the body against infectious agents regardless of previous exposure. Normal floras of the human body refer to the microbial population that colonizes the skin and mucous membranes.
In addition, many body organ systems have unique defenses against infection. The skin is an intact, multilayered surface preventing invasion by microorganisms unless impaired. Mucous membranes lining the mouth, nose, and eyelids are barriers...
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens01:31

Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens

The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
Microbial Interactions: Parasitism01:22

Microbial Interactions: Parasitism

Parasitism is a form of microbial interaction in which parasitic microbes exploit a host organism for nutrients and shelter, often at the host's expense. Unlike mutualistic relationships, where both organisms benefit, parasitism benefits only the parasite and harms the host.Classification of ParasitesMicrobial parasites are broadly classified based on their location relative to the host.Ectoparasites remain on the host’s surface, such as the skin or outer tissues, drawing nutrients...
American Trypanosomiasis01:22

American Trypanosomiasis

Chagas disease, or American trypanosomiasis, is a vector-borne parasitic infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, a flagellated protozoan (kinetoplastid) of the family Trypanosomatidae. The disease is endemic in Latin America, although cases are increasingly reported worldwide due to human migration. Transmission most commonly occurs when feces of infected triatomine bugs contaminate bite wounds or mucosal surfaces; additional routes include congenital, transfusional, transplant-related, and oral...
Anthelminthic Agents01:15

Anthelminthic Agents

Anthelmintic drugs differ significantly from antiparasitic therapies targeting protozoa, primarily due to differences in parasite biology. Whereas most protozoal treatments act on proliferating cells, anthelmintics are typically directed against mature, nonproliferative helminths. The therapeutic approach considers the helminth's reliance on neuromuscular coordination, glucose metabolism, and microtubular integrity for survival, reproduction, and localization within the host. Most anthelmintics...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

HERMES-24 score for outcome prediction in large vessel occlusion stroke: Real-world data from the Austrian stroke network.

International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society·2026
Same author

Editorial for VSI "Advances in stroke research".

Journal of the neurological sciences·2026
Same author

Safety of Endovascular Thrombectomy in Isolated Cervical Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion While on Oral Anticoagulation.

Journal of stroke·2026
Same author

Emergent Carotid Stenting During Endovascular Therapy for Isolated Cervical Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion.

Journal of stroke·2026
Same author

Reduced Frequency of Prolonged Sporadic Hemiplegic Migraine Attacks Following Fremanezumab Treatment-A Case Report.

European journal of neurology·2026
Same author

Brainstem pathology in anti-IgLON5 disease: new insights into early events and tau progression.

Brain : a journal of neurology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

The Insect Galleria mellonella as a Powerful Infection Model to Investigate Bacterial Pathogenesis
13:00

The Insect Galleria mellonella as a Powerful Infection Model to Investigate Bacterial Pathogenesis

Published on: December 11, 2012

Aphid protected from pathogen by endosymbiont.

Claire L Scarborough1, Julia Ferrari, H C J Godfray

  • 1Natural Environment Research Council Centre for Population Biology, Division of Biology, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, Berks, SL5 7PY, UK.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 17, 2005
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The bacterial endosymbiont Regiella insecticola significantly boosts pea aphid resistance to fungal pathogens. This symbiosis enhances aphid survival and reduces disease transmission, benefiting the aphid population.

More Related Videos

A Bacterial Oral Feeding Assay with Antibiotic-Treated Mosquitoes
09:59

A Bacterial Oral Feeding Assay with Antibiotic-Treated Mosquitoes

Published on: September 12, 2020

Preparing and Rearing Axenic Insects with Tissue Cultured Seedlings for Host-Gut Microbiota Interaction Studies of the Leaf Beetle
06:56

Preparing and Rearing Axenic Insects with Tissue Cultured Seedlings for Host-Gut Microbiota Interaction Studies of the Leaf Beetle

Published on: October 8, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

The Insect Galleria mellonella as a Powerful Infection Model to Investigate Bacterial Pathogenesis
13:00

The Insect Galleria mellonella as a Powerful Infection Model to Investigate Bacterial Pathogenesis

Published on: December 11, 2012

A Bacterial Oral Feeding Assay with Antibiotic-Treated Mosquitoes
09:59

A Bacterial Oral Feeding Assay with Antibiotic-Treated Mosquitoes

Published on: September 12, 2020

Preparing and Rearing Axenic Insects with Tissue Cultured Seedlings for Host-Gut Microbiota Interaction Studies of the Leaf Beetle
06:56

Preparing and Rearing Axenic Insects with Tissue Cultured Seedlings for Host-Gut Microbiota Interaction Studies of the Leaf Beetle

Published on: October 8, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Microbial Ecology
  • Insect Pathology
  • Symbiotic Relationships

Background:

  • Facultative bacterial endosymbionts are common in aphids.
  • These symbionts can influence aphid interactions with other organisms.
  • The role of specific endosymbionts in host defense is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of Regiella insecticola on pea aphid resistance to a fungal pathogen.
  • To determine if experimental establishment of R. insecticola impacts aphid survival and fitness.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental inoculation of aposymbiotic pea aphid clones with Regiella insecticola.
  • Challenging inoculated and control aphids with a fungal pathogen.
  • Assessing aphid survival rates and fungal sporulation on aphid cadavers.

Main Results:

  • Aphids experimentally infected with Regiella insecticola exhibited increased survival rates following fungal pathogen exposure.
  • The presence of R. insecticola reduced fungal sporulation on aphid cadavers.
  • This reduction in sporulation lowered disease transmission rates to nearby aphids.

Conclusions:

  • Regiella insecticola confers significant resistance to fungal pathogens in pea aphids.
  • This bacterial endosymbiont enhances host survival and inclusive fitness.
  • Symbiont-mediated defense mechanisms are crucial for aphid population dynamics and disease regulation.