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Related Experiment Videos

Role of complement in innate and autoimmunity.

Marc A J Seelen1, Anja Roos, Mohamed R Daha

  • 1Department of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden - The Netherlands.

Journal of Nephrology
|December 17, 2005
PubMed
Summary

The complement system, crucial for innate immunity against pathogens, can also harm the host in diseases like IgA nephropathy and lupus. This review explores its dual role in health and disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Innate Immunity
  • Complement System Biology

Background:

  • The complement system comprises numerous proteins crucial for innate immune responses and host defense against pathogens.
  • These proteins circulate in pro-enzymatic forms within bodily fluids and are activated via three distinct pathways.
  • The complement system, alongside phagocytic cells, provides a potent defense mechanism against foreign invaders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted roles of the complement system in both innate and acquired immunity.
  • To elucidate the involvement of complement in maintaining host health and its contribution to various diseases.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview of complement's function from a health and disease perspective.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific articles on the complement system.

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  • Synthesis of information regarding complement activation pathways and functions.
  • Analysis of complement's role in both physiological and pathological conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • The complement system is a vital component of the innate immune response, essential for pathogen defense.
    • Activation of complement through three pathways unleashes diverse biological activities.
    • Dysregulation or overactivation of complement contributes to diseases such as IgA nephropathy, systemic lupus erythematosus, and ischemia-reperfusion injury.

    Conclusions:

    • The complement system exhibits a dual nature, acting as both a protector and a potential aggressor in host defense.
    • Understanding complement's complex roles is critical for developing therapeutic strategies targeting immune-related diseases.
    • This review highlights the significance of the complement system across the spectrum of immunity, health, and disease.