Protoreaction of protoplasm

Area of Science:

• Cell Biology
• Cytology
• Biochemistry

Background:

• The universal cellular reaction (UCR) was extensively studied by Dmitrii Nasonov's scientific school.
• The UCR represents a fundamental cellular response to diverse external stimuli.
• Previous work established UCR involves changes in viscosity, dye binding, membrane potential, and resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To briefly describe the universal cellular reaction (UCR) to external actions.
• To present a new interpretation of the UCR mechanism.
• To introduce the concept of cell hydrophobicity and Nasonov's physiological standardization.

Main Methods:

• Review of Nasonov School's research on UCR.
• Analysis of structural-functional protein transformations.
• Introduction of a new mechanistic interpretation and concept of cell hydrophobicity.

Main Results:

• UCR involves uniform protein structural-functional changes across cell types.
• These changes are independent of the nature of the physical or chemical agent.
• A potential role for contractile proteins in muscle cell UCR is proposed.

Conclusions:

• The UCR is a universal, ancient biological phenomenon of significant importance.
• Structural-functional protein changes underpin the UCR.
• The concept of cell hydrophobicity offers new insights into cellular responses.