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[Nipah virus infections].
1Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases.
Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
|December 21, 2005
Summary
Nipah virus (NiV) causes severe encephalitis and respiratory illness in humans, with outbreaks documented in Asia. This review covers NiV
Area of Science:
- Virology and Epidemiology
- Zoonotic Paramyxoviruses
- Public Health Emergencies
Context:
- First identified in 1999, Nipah virus (NiV) outbreaks have caused significant human morbidity and mortality.
- Initial outbreaks linked to pigs in Malaysia and Singapore, later outbreaks in Bangladesh occurred without animal association.
- NiV presents diverse clinical manifestations, including acute encephalitis, relapsed encephalitis, and pulmonary disease.
Purpose:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of Nipah virus (NiV) infection.
- To summarize current knowledge on NiV virology, epidemiology, and clinical features.
- To discuss treatment, control, and prevention strategies for NiV.
Summary:
- Nipah virus (NiV) is a zoonotic paramyxovirus responsible for severe human encephalitis and respiratory illness.
- Clinical spectrum ranges from asymptomatic infection to fatal encephalitis, with varied epidemiological patterns.
- The article details NiV's characteristics, transmission, disease presentation, and management approaches.
Impact:
- Informing public health responses to Nipah virus outbreaks.
- Guiding clinical management and diagnostic strategies for NiV infections.
- Highlighting the need for continued research in NiV prevention and control.