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Genetic engineering, welfare, and accountability.

M C Appleby1

  • 1Institute of Ecology and Resource Management, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom.

Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science : JAAWS
|December 21, 2005
PubMed
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Genetic engineering in animals presents welfare challenges from techniques and modifications. While some applications are neutral or beneficial, others cause suffering, necessitating ethical oversight and public accountability.

Area of Science:

  • Animal Welfare Science
  • Bioethics
  • Genetic Engineering

Background:

  • Genetic engineering rapidly evolves, necessitating regular review of its impact on animal welfare.
  • Welfare concerns arise from both the techniques used for genetic modification and the modifications themselves.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comment on the multifaceted implications of genetic engineering for animal welfare.
  • To highlight welfare issues associated with genetic modification techniques and outcomes.
  • To discuss the ethical considerations and need for safeguards in animal genetic engineering.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current applications of genetic engineering in animals.
  • Analysis of welfare impacts of genetic modification techniques.
  • Evaluation of ethical considerations and existing oversight mechanisms.

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Main Results:

  • Genetic modification techniques share welfare issues with other experimental approaches.
  • Some genetic modifications are detrimental to animal welfare, while others are neutral or beneficial.
  • Current applications include farm animals for biomedical products (largely neutral) and mice for disease models (often causing severe suffering).
  • Beneficial applications are rare; recombinant vaccines show potential but raise ethical questions.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic engineering in animals requires specific safeguards due to rapid advancements and commercial drivers.
  • Ethical evaluation is often case-by-case, lacking a broader framework and public accountability.
  • Endorsement of advisory committees and publicizing their procedures is crucial for public confidence in animal welfare protection.