Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 14, 2026
09:16
Use of a Video Scoring Anchor for Rapid Serial Assessment of Social Communication in Toddlers
Published on: March 14, 2018
Validating a measure of children's others-concept through population and behavior variables
1University of Cincinnati, USA.
Journal of Personality Assessment
|April 1, 1977
Summary
The Paired Hands Test (PHT) effectively measures children's "others-concept," influencing their social interactions. Higher scores correlate with more positive engagement in group settings, validating the PHT as a key assessment tool.
Area of Science:
- Child psychology
- Social development
- Psychometric assessment
Background:
- The "others-concept" refers to children's general perceptions of other people.
- Understanding this construct is crucial for explaining social behavior.
- Previous research indicated a link between the others-concept and social interaction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To validate the Paired Hands Test (PHT) as a measure of the others-concept in children.
- To investigate the relationship between the others-concept and children's social behavior in groups.
- To provide population data for the PHT.
Main Methods:
- The Paired Hands Test (PHT) was administered to children.
- Behavioral observations were conducted in small, unsupervised groups.
- Population data were collected from 1,235 PHT test scores, analyzed by sex and socioeconomic status.
Main Results:
- Replication of earlier findings: Children with higher others-concepts showed more positive interactions in groups.
- Behavioral data support the PHT's ability to differentiate children based on their others-concept.
- Population data provide normative information on PHT scores across different demographics.
Conclusions:
- The Paired Hands Test (PHT) is a valid and reliable measure for assessing the others-concept in children.
- The others-concept, as measured by the PHT, is a significant predictor of social behavior.
- The PHT has practical applications in child psychology and developmental research.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:20Social Foundations of Self II: The Generalized Other
According to George Herbert Mead, as children progress beyond the game stage, they develop a more comprehensive understanding of societal rules and norms. This cognitive and social development enables them to internalize the expectations of the broader community, refining their ability to regulate behavior.Consistent participation in organized activities is crucial in helping children recognize that their actions are not isolated but contribute to a more significant, interconnected group effort.
01:29Measures of Intelligence
Psychologists measure intelligence by using standardized tests that produce a score known as the intelligence quotient or IQ. To understand IQ tests, it's important to recognize the key principles behind their construction: validity, reliability, and standardization.
Validity refers to how well a test measures what it claims to measure. An intelligence test should accurately assess intelligence rather than another characteristic, like anxiety. Criterion validity is one way to evaluate this; it...
Validity refers to how well a test measures what it claims to measure. An intelligence test should accurately assess intelligence rather than another characteristic, like anxiety. Criterion validity is one way to evaluate this; it...
01:23Binet's Contribution to Measures of Intelligence
Alfred Binet, along with his student Théophile Simon, was tasked by the French Ministry of Education in 1904 to create a method for identifying students who struggled to learn through conventional classroom instruction. This initiative aimed to address overcrowding by placing such students in specialized schools. Binet and Simon developed an intelligence test comprising 30 tasks, ranging from simple commands, like touching one's nose or ear, to more complex tasks, such as drawing designs from...
02:01Group Design
The most basic experimental design involves two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The two groups are designed to be the same except for one difference— experimental manipulation. The experimental group gets the experimental manipulation—that is, the treatment or variable being tested—and the control group does not. Since experimental manipulation is the only difference between the experimental and control groups, we can be sure that any differences between the two are due to...
02:16Measures of Central Tendency
The "center" of a data set is also a way of describing location. The two most widely used measures of the "center" of the data are the mean (average) and the median. The words "mean" and "average" are often used interchangeably. The substitution of one word for the other is common practice. The technical term is "arithmetic mean" and "average" is technically a center location. However, in practice among non-statisticians, "average" is commonly accepted for "arithmetic mean."
00:30What are Populations and Communities?
Populations are groups of individuals of the same species that inhabit a shared environment. Communities include multiple co-existing, interacting populations of different species. Metapopulations span multiple populations of the same species that occupy different areas. Metapopulations interact through immigration and emigration, providing genetic diversity that lends resilience to harsh environments. Population size and density can be estimated using quadrat and mark and recapture...