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Action control in visual neglect.

Elizabeth Coulthard1, Andrew Parton, Masud Husain

  • 1Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Imperial College London and the Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, United Kingdom. e.coulthard@imperial.ac.uk

Neuropsychologia
|December 22, 2005
PubMed
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Patients with unilateral neglect often have impaired visually guided reaching, especially towards the left side of space. These reaching deficits vary widely, reflecting damage to the brain's visuomotor control system.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Rehabilitation Science

Background:

  • Unilateral neglect is a neurological disorder characterized by impaired awareness of one side of space.
  • Patients with neglect exhibit difficulties in reaching for objects in their contralesional (opposite to the brain lesion) space.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and integrate findings on visually guided reaching deficits in patients with unilateral neglect.
  • To explore the underlying perceptual, motor, and intermediate processing deficits.
  • To examine the relationship between neglect, optic ataxia, and visuomotor control.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing studies on visually guided reaching in neglect patients.
  • Integration of findings with research on normal human and monkey action control.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of case studies comparing pure optic ataxia with optic ataxia plus neglect.

    • Main Results:

    • Neglect patients often show delayed initiation and execution of reaches, particularly to contralesional targets.
    • Reaching abnormalities involve directional and spatial deficits, potentially linked to target selection and online guidance.
    • Increased susceptibility to ipsilesional visual distraction in neglect may stem from impaired guidance mechanisms.
    • Differences in anatomical substrates exist between optic ataxia and neglect syndromes.

    Conclusions:

    • Visually guided reaching is frequently abnormal in neglect patients, but deficits are heterogeneous.
    • Reaching impairments likely reflect damage to the extensive visuomotor control system (parietal, frontal cortex, white matter, subcortical regions).
    • Action control deficits in neglect represent a spectrum of impairments across multiple visuomotor processing stages, not exclusive to the neglect syndrome itself.