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Related Experiment Videos

HIV--associated lipodystrophy in children.

Jens C Krause1, Mary P Toye, Barbara W Stechenberg

  • 1Baystate Children's Hospital, Tufts University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, 759 Chestnut Street, Springfield, MA 01199, USA.

Pediatric Endocrinology Reviews : PER
|December 22, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) can cause lipodystrophy (LD) in children with HIV. This review explores the roles of various hormones and cytokines in LD

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Immunology
  • Pediatric HIV

Background:

  • Lipodystrophy (LD) is a complication of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in HIV-infected children.
  • LD presents with lipohypertrophy, lipoatrophy, hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the roles of leptin, adiponectin, growth hormone axis, glucocorticoids, SREBP-1c, TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-18, IFN-alpha, tPA, and PAI-1 in the pathophysiology of LD.
  • To elucidate the complex mechanisms underlying HAART-induced lipodystrophy in pediatric HIV.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and data summarization.
  • Analysis of hormonal and cytokine profiles in pediatric LD.

Main Results:

  • Adiponectin levels are typically decreased, while leptin levels are increased in LD.

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  • Glucocorticoids play a role in LD, despite normal systemic cortisol levels.
  • Growth hormone resistance in LD requires further investigation.

    • Conclusions:

    • Multiple factors, including hormones and cytokines, contribute to the pathophysiology of LD in HAART-treated children.
    • Further research is needed to clarify the causal relationships between specific biomarkers and LD development.