Jove
Visualize
Contact Us

Related Concept Videos

The Blood-brain Barrier00:49

The Blood-brain Barrier

Overview
Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects01:12

Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects

While local anesthetics are generally safe and well-tolerated, they can occasionally cause adverse effects that vary in severity. Local anesthetics can induce toxicity at two distinct levels. They can either produce local effects through direct contact with the neural elements or be absorbed into the bloodstream from the injection site, leading to systemic effects.
Once absorbed into the systemic circulation, local anesthetics can affect the organs that depend on the functioning of sodium...
CNS Stimulants: Cocaine, Amphetamines and Cannabinoids01:24

CNS Stimulants: Cocaine, Amphetamines and Cannabinoids

CNS stimulants, such as cocaine, amphetamines, and cannabinoids, have varying structures and mechanisms of action that lead to different therapeutic effects and side effects. Cocaine, with its molecular formula C17H21NO4, is a tropane alkaloid and a tertiary amino compound. It has two chemical forms: the hydrochloride salt and the "freebase." The former is in powder form, while the latter involves removing the hydrochloride salt to create a form that can be smoked. Cocaine exerts its effects by...
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Cannabinoids01:21

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Cannabinoids

Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a phytocannabinoid that primarily interacts with the CB1 receptor, a type of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) predominantly in and around the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and emetic center. THC also blocks the serotonin receptor activity in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) by inhibiting serotonin release. THC exerts its anti-emetic effects through these interactions, which are beneficial for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Two synthetic agonists of THC,...
Drug Toxicity: Overview01:00

Drug Toxicity: Overview

Drug toxicity quantifies the harm a compound causes to an organism, varying by dose and potentially impacting whole systems or specific organs like the liver. Toxic reactions may arise from venomous insect or spider bites, with effects ranging from mild symptoms to severe outcomes such as brain damage or death. Common forms of acute poisoning include ethanol intoxication and overdose of pain or fever medications, with substances like GHB and heroin being particularly lethal at doses close to...
Drug Toxicity: Dose-Dependent Reactions01:24

Drug Toxicity: Dose-Dependent Reactions

Drug toxicities can be stratified into pharmacological, pathological, or genotoxic based on their mechanisms. The incidence and severity of these toxicities generally increase with the drug's concentration in the body and exposure time.Pharmacological toxicity is evident when the therapeutic effects of drugs overshoot into adverse reactions in a predictable, dose-dependent manner. Central nervous system (CNS) depression from barbiturates is a classic example, with effects escalating from...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Antifungal properties of abnormal cannabinoid derivatives: Disruption of biofilm formation and gene expression in Candida species.

Pharmacological research·2024
Same author

Endocannabinoid basis of personality-Insights from animal model of social behavior.

Frontiers in pharmacology·2023
Same author

Hippocampal differential expression underlying the neuroprotective effect of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol microdose on old mice.

Frontiers in neuroscience·2023
Same author

N-oleoyl glycine and N-oleoyl alanine attenuate alcohol self-administration and preference in mice.

Translational psychiatry·2023
Same author

Behavioral effects induced by the cannabidiol analogs HU-502 and HU-556.

Behavioural pharmacology·2023
Same author

Novel Synthesis of C-Methylated Phytocannabinoids Bearing Anti-inflammatory Properties.

Journal of medicinal chemistry·2023
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Organotypic Hippocampal Slice Cultures As a Model to Study Neuroprotection and Invasiveness of Tumor Cells
07:48

Organotypic Hippocampal Slice Cultures As a Model to Study Neuroprotection and Invasiveness of Tumor Cells

Published on: August 27, 2017

Cannabinoids: between neuroprotection and neurotoxicity.

Yosef Sarne1, Raphael Mechoulam

  • 1Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel. sarney@post.tau.ac.il

Current Drug Targets. CNS and Neurological Disorders
|December 27, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Cannabinoids show potential in protecting the brain and treating neurodegenerative diseases. This review explores their neuroprotective mechanisms, including receptor-dependent and independent pathways, and their dual neurotoxic and neuroprotective effects.

More Related Videos

Tobacco Hornworm as an Insect Model System for Cannabinoid Pre-clinical Studies
05:25

Tobacco Hornworm as an Insect Model System for Cannabinoid Pre-clinical Studies

Published on: December 29, 2021

Oromucosal as an Alternative Method for Administration of Cannabis Products in Rodents
03:43

Oromucosal as an Alternative Method for Administration of Cannabis Products in Rodents

Published on: August 22, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Organotypic Hippocampal Slice Cultures As a Model to Study Neuroprotection and Invasiveness of Tumor Cells
07:48

Organotypic Hippocampal Slice Cultures As a Model to Study Neuroprotection and Invasiveness of Tumor Cells

Published on: August 27, 2017

Tobacco Hornworm as an Insect Model System for Cannabinoid Pre-clinical Studies
05:25

Tobacco Hornworm as an Insect Model System for Cannabinoid Pre-clinical Studies

Published on: December 29, 2021

Oromucosal as an Alternative Method for Administration of Cannabis Products in Rodents
03:43

Oromucosal as an Alternative Method for Administration of Cannabis Products in Rodents

Published on: August 22, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Cannabinoids, including delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) from cannabis and endogenous compounds like anandamide, exhibit neuroprotective properties.
  • These compounds are implicated in protecting the brain against insults and potentially improving neurodegenerative diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review in vivo evidence of cannabinoid neuroprotection.
  • To explore in vitro studies elucidating molecular mechanisms of cannabinoid neuroprotection.
  • To investigate the dual neuroprotective and neurotoxic effects of cannabinoids, particularly THC.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing in vivo and in vitro scientific literature.
  • Analysis of studies investigating cannabinoid receptor (CB1, CB2) activation.
  • Examination of studies assessing direct neuronal effects versus effects on non-neuronal brain cells.

Main Results:

  • Cannabinoids demonstrate neuroprotection through receptor-dependent and independent pathways.
  • Mechanisms involve direct actions on neurons and indirect effects on non-neuronal brain cells.
  • Cannabinoid neurotoxicity, especially from THC, coexists with neuroprotective actions.

Conclusions:

  • Cannabinoids possess significant neuroprotective potential against various brain insults.
  • Understanding the molecular mechanisms is crucial for therapeutic development.
  • Further research is needed to differentiate and manage the dual neurotoxic and neuroprotective activities of cannabinoids for effective treatment of neurodegenerative conditions.