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Related Experiment Videos

Toward diagnostic and phenotype markers for genetically transmitted speech delay.

Lawrence D Shriberg1, Barbara A Lewis, J Bruce Tomblin

  • 1Phonology Project, Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53705, USA. shriberg@waisman.wisc.edu

Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research : JSLHR
|December 28, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified speech error patterns that may help diagnose genetically transmitted childhood speech sound disorder (SSD). This finding could differentiate subtypes of SSD with unknown origins.

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Area of Science:

  • Speech-language pathology
  • Genetics
  • Computational linguistics

Background:

  • The most common childhood speech sound disorder (SSD) of unknown origin is hypothesized to be genetically transmitted.
  • Diagnostic markers are needed to differentiate this proposed genetic subtype (speech delay-genetic) from other SSD subtypes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify diagnostic markers for a proposed genetically transmitted subtype of childhood speech sound disorder (SSD).
  • To differentiate this subtype from other SSDs of unknown origin based on speech error patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed conversational speech samples from 72 preschool children with speech delay of unknown origin.
  • Compared speech error patterns between children with low (0) and high (2+) affected nuclear family members.

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  • Utilized perceptual and acoustic methods, alongside machine learning, to analyze speech errors on Late-8 consonants.

    • Main Results:

    • Children with a higher genetic load showed significantly more omission errors and fewer distortion errors on Late-8 consonants.
    • Specific differences were noted in distortion errors, particularly for sibilant fricatives (/s/, /z/, //).
    • A 3-part classification rule using these variables achieved a diagnostic accuracy of 0.83.

    Conclusions:

    • Speech error patterns, specifically omissions and distortions on Late-8 consonants, show promise as diagnostic markers for genetically transmitted SSD.
    • Findings align with cognitive-linguistic processing deficits observed in genetically transmitted verbal disorders.
    • This research provides a foundation for differentiating etiological subtypes of childhood speech sound disorder.