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Related Experiment Videos

Coreceptor usage of primary HIV type 1 isolates obtained from different lymph node subsets.

Charlotte Casper1, Mattias Mild, Marianne Jansson

  • 1Microbiology and Tumorbiology Center, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
|December 29, 2005
PubMed
Summary

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This study characterized human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) from lymph nodes of infected individuals. Lymph node HIV-1 isolates primarily use CCR5 and show compartmentalization, similar to peripheral blood viruses.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Understanding HIV-1 tropism and compartmentalization is crucial for disease progression and treatment strategies.
  • Lymph nodes are a key reservoir for HIV-1, yet viral characteristics within these compartments are not fully elucidated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the biological characteristics of HIV-1 rescued from different lymph node cell types.
  • To compare the phenotype of lymph node-derived HIV-1 with viruses from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).

Main Methods:

  • Cocultivation of viruses with monocyte-derived macrophages and T-lymphocytes.
  • Phenotypic analysis on established cell lines (U937-2, CEM, MT-2) and U87.CD4 coreceptor indicator cells.
  • Direct sequencing of the V3 envelope region to assess coreceptor usage and genetic diversity.

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Main Results:

  • All lymph node-derived HIV-1 isolates utilized CCR5 as their coreceptor.
  • These viruses demonstrated sensitivity to beta-chemokine inhibition.
  • Unique V3 sequences were observed in all isolates, indicating viral compartmentalization within patients.
  • Phenotypes of CCR5-dependent (R5) HIV-1 from PBMC mirrored those from lymph node subsets.

Conclusions:

  • HIV-1 within lymph node cell subsets exhibits CCR5 dependence and sensitivity to beta-chemokines.
  • Evidence of viral compartmentalization exists within lymph nodes of HIV-1-infected individuals.
  • The biological phenotype of HIV-1 in lymph nodes is comparable to that found in peripheral blood.