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Related Experiment Videos

Analysis of cascade impactor mass distributions.

Craig Dunbar1, Jolyon Mitchell

  • 1Alkermes, Inc., 88 Sidney St., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. craig.dunbar@alkermes.com

Journal of Aerosol Medicine : the Official Journal of the International Society for Aerosols in Medicine
|December 29, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Analyzing cascade impactor (CI) data for pulmonary drug products requires careful method selection. Continuous analysis of aerodynamic diameter provides the most comprehensive mass distribution insights for drug delivery and deposition modeling.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutics
  • Aerosol Science
  • Drug Delivery

Background:

  • Cascade impactors (CI) are crucial for characterizing pulmonary drug product aerosolization.
  • Analyzing CI data is essential for understanding particle size distribution and respiratory tract deposition.
  • Various analytical approaches exist, each with limitations in information richness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review cascade impactor (CI) mass distribution analysis methods for pulmonary drug products.
  • To guide the selection of appropriate data analysis procedures for CI data.
  • To highlight considerations for interpreting CI mass distributions in relation to aerodynamic diameter.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing methods for analyzing CI data, categorizing them by nominal, ordinal, and continuous variables.

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  • Evaluation of the information hierarchy provided by each analysis approach.
  • Discussion of the relationship between mass distribution and aerodynamic diameter.

    • Main Results:

    • Nominal analysis offers a simple overview of emitted mass but lacks aerodynamic diameter correlation.
    • Ordinal analysis introduces stage size ranges, but estimations of in vivo deposition can be inaccurate.
    • Continuous analysis directly relates mass distribution to aerodynamic diameter, enabling product comparison and deposition modeling.

    Conclusions:

    • Continuous analysis of aerodynamic diameter is the most informative method for CI data from pulmonary drug products.
    • Understanding the limitations of each analysis method is critical for accurate interpretation.
    • CI measurement technique limitations, not analysis procedures, affect total emitted mass assessment.