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Updated: Aug 14, 2026

Surgical Porcine Model of Chronic Myocardial Ischemia Treated by Exosome-laden Collagen Patch and Off-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
Published on: September 15, 2023
Metabolic modulators for chronic cardiac ischemia
Pirouz Parang1, Bramah Singh, Rohit Arora
1Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Abstract:
Many patients with ischemic heart disease continue to experience anginal symptoms despite revascularization and treatment with antianginal medications. The effectiveness of current anti-ischemic medications is limited by their hemodynamic side effects, such as hypotension and bradycardia, which result in compromised organ perfusion. In this article, we review five novel agents (ranolazine, trimetazidine, L-carnitine, ribose, and dichloroacetate) under investigation for treatment of ischemic heart disease that work by enhancing the efficiency of the myocardium, rather than decreasing its work. This new paradigm promises to eliminate these side effects.
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