[Malaria-an unusual cause of fever in the infant.]

Malaria is the fourth most frequent cause of death in African children. Connected with perinatal diseases as well as gastrointestinal and respiratory infections malaria has been still a serious health problem of that region. Occurrence of tropical malaria in infants reported in European countries is relatively rare. Not only from that reason, the assesment of diagnosis in children under one year of age seems to be obviously more difficult. The authors report the malaria in five-month-old infant from Cameroon who became ill during his stay in the Czech Republic. Non-specific symptoms, high level of parasitemia and impairment of blood coagulation were the main features of the emergent infection. On conclusion, the lack of suitable forms of childrens antimalarial drugs both for profylaxis and treatment is mentioned.