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Updated: Aug 14, 2026

Modeling the Size Spectrum for Macroinvertebrates and Fishes in Stream Ecosystems
Published on: July 30, 2019
The spectral dimension of the universe is scale dependent
J Ambjørn1, J Jurkiewicz, R Loll
1The Niels Bohr Institute, Copenhagen University, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. ambjorn@nbi.dk
Abstract:
We measure the spectral dimension of universes emerging from nonperturbative quantum gravity, defined through state sums of causal triangulated geometries. While four dimensional on large scales, the quantum universe appears two dimensional at short distances. We conclude that quantum gravity may be "self-renormalizing" at the Planck scale, by virtue of a mechanism of dynamical dimensional reduction.
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