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Updated: Aug 13, 2026

Isolation of Physiologically Active Thylakoids and Their Use in Energy-Dependent Protein Transport Assays
Published on: September 28, 2018
Toc, Tic, Tat et al.: structure and function of protein transport machineries in chloroplasts
Michael Gutensohn1, Enguo Fan, Stefan Frielingsdorf
1Institut für Pflanzenphysiologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 10, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
Abstract:
The chloroplast is an organelle of prokaryotic origin that is situated in an eukaryotic cellular environment. As a result of this formerly endosymbiotic situation, the chloroplast houses a unique set of protein transport machineries. Among those are evolutionarily young transport pathways which are responsible for the import of the nuclear-encoded proteins into the organelle as well as ancient pathways operating in the 'export' of proteins from the stroma (the former cyanobacterial cytosol) across the thylakoid membrane into the thylakoid lumen. In this review, we have tried to address the main features of these various transport pathways.
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