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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Treatment Resistent Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistent Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
Drug Therapy01:28

Drug Therapy

The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

MRI-guided dmPFC-rTMS as a Treatment for Treatment-resistant Major Depressive Disorder
08:20

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MS treatment: new perspectives.

Giancarlo Comi1, Gianvito Martino

  • 1Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Università Vita-Salute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy. g.comi@hsr.it

Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery
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Summary

Current multiple sclerosis treatments targeting inflammation show limited efficacy. New strategies like early intervention and combination therapy, alongside selective immunosuppression, are crucial for halting disease progression and improving patient recovery.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Clinical Neurology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) treatments primarily target inflammation but offer only partial effectiveness.
  • Axonal damage in MS may occur through mechanisms independent of inflammation, necessitating novel therapeutic approaches.
  • Existing immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive therapies require optimization and exploration of alternative strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the limitations of current multiple sclerosis treatments.
  • To emphasize the need for novel therapeutic strategies to halt disease progression and enhance recovery.
  • To discuss promising treatment approaches including early intervention, combination therapy, and selective immunosuppression.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiological, immunological, and pathological studies supporting early treatment in MS.
  • Evaluation of ongoing clinical trials for combination therapy in multiple sclerosis.
  • Analysis of advancements in understanding T cell modulation for selective immunosuppression strategies.

Main Results:

  • Early treatment strategies for MS are supported by recent clinical trial data.
  • Combination therapy and selective immunosuppression are under investigation in ongoing clinical trials.
  • Understanding T cell activation and modulation has led to new therapeutic strategies in phase II-III trials.

Conclusions:

  • Current immunomodulatory treatments for multiple sclerosis are insufficient due to inflammation-independent damage.
  • Early treatment and combination therapy represent promising strategies to improve multiple sclerosis management.
  • Targeting T cell modulation offers a pathway for developing selective immunosuppressive therapies for multiple sclerosis.