Thermochemical properties of HxNO molecules and ions from ab initio electronic structure theory

Coupled-cluster calculations through noniterative triple excitations were used to compute optimized structures, atomization energies at 0 K, and heats of formation at 0 and 298 K for NH2O, HNOH, NH2O-, NH2OH+, NH3OH+, HNO-, and HON. These molecules are important in the gas-phase oxidation of NH3, as well as its solution-phase chemistry. The O-H, N-H, and N-O bond energies of these molecules are given and compared. The N-H and O-H bond energies are quite low, and, for NH2OH, the O-H bond is weaker than the N-H bond (by 7.5 kcal/mol). The energetics for a variety of ionic chemical processes in the gas phase, including the electron affinities of NH2O and HNO, the proton affinities of NH2O and NH2OH, and the acidities of NH2OH and NH2O, are given. The compounds are weak bases and weak acids in the gas phase. Solvation effects were included at the PCM and COSMO levels. The COSMO model gave better values than the PCM model. The relative values for pKa for NH2O and NH2OH are in good agreement with the experimental values, showing both compounds to be very strong bases in aqueous solution with NH2OH being the stronger base by 1.8 pK units at the COSMO level, compared to the experimental pK difference of 1.1+/-0.3 pK units. We predict that NH2OH+ will not be formed in aqueous solution, because it is a very strong acid. Based on the known acidity of NH3OH+, we predict pKa(NH2OH+)=-5.4 at the COSMO level, which is in good agreement with the experimental estimate of pKa(NH2OH+)=-7+/-2.