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Related Experiment Videos

Immunophenotypic variations in hairy cell leukemia.

Yi-Hua Chen1, Martin S Tallman, Charles Goolsby

  • 1Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.

American Journal of Clinical Pathology
|January 6, 2006
PubMed
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Atypical immunophenotypes are common in Hairy cell leukemia (HCL), affecting over a third of cases. Recognizing this variability is key for accurate HCL diagnosis and treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Immunophenotyping

Background:

  • Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) typically presents with a distinct immunophenotypic profile.
  • This profile usually includes positivity for pan-B-cell markers, CD103, CD11c, and CD25, with negativity for CD5, CD10, and CD23.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the frequency and characteristics of atypical immunophenotypes in Hairy cell leukemia (HCL).
  • To emphasize the importance of recognizing immunophenotypic variability for accurate HCL diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluation of immunophenotypic profiles in 35 HCL cases.
  • Review of morphologic features and clinical information for cases with atypical immunophenotypes.
  • Analysis of treatment response to purine analogue therapy.

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Main Results:

  • Atypical immunophenotypes were identified in 12 out of 35 (34%) HCL cases.
  • Specific atypical findings included negativity for CD103 (6%) or CD25 (3%), and positivity for CD10 (14%) or CD23 (17%).
  • Patients with atypical immunophenotypes showed characteristic HCL morphology and clinical features, and responded well to purine analogue therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) frequently exhibits atypical immunophenotypes, including variations in CD103, CD25, CD10, and CD23 expression.
  • Accurate diagnosis of HCL requires correlating immunophenotypic findings with morphology and clinical data.
  • The observed immunophenotypic variability does not appear to impact treatment response to purine analogues.