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Bats, clocks, and rocks: diversification patterns in Chiroptera.

Kate E Jones1, Olaf R P Bininda-Emonds, John L Gittleman

  • 1Department of Biology, Gilmer Hall, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4328, USA. kj2107@columbia.edu

Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
|January 13, 2006
PubMed
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Bat evolutionary diversification is highly variable, with significant rate shifts identified within families like Phyllostomidae and Molossidae. These findings highlight the complex evolutionary history of bats (Chiroptera).

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Phylogenetics
  • Mammalogy

Background:

  • Understanding clade diversification is crucial for evolutionary studies and preserving phylogenetic diversity.
  • Assessing diversification rate heterogeneity requires advanced analytical tools, including complete phylogenies and robust statistical methods.
  • Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) represent a large and diverse group where diversification rates have not been fully assessed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate diversification rate heterogeneity within bats (Chiroptera) for the first time.
  • To apply a robust statistical approach to complete, dated, species-level phylogenies.
  • To compare bat diversification patterns with other mammalian clades.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized whole-tree likelihood-based relative rate tests.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Employed complete dated species-level supertree phylogenies.
  • Incorporated phylogenetic uncertainty and tested null models of clade growth.

    • Main Results:

    • Bat diversification rates are significantly more heterogeneous than in other studied mammalian clades.
    • Significant diversification rate shifts were detected in Phyllostomidae and Molossidae families.
    • Evidence for rate shifts also observed in Pteropodidae, Emballonuridae, Rhinolophidae, Hipposideridae, and Vespertilionidae, dependent on polytomy resolution.

    Conclusions:

    • Bat evolutionary diversification is not constant and exhibits substantial heterogeneity.
    • Major diversification rate shifts in bats occurred 30-50 million years ago, coinciding with shifts in flowering plant diversification.
    • This study provides critical insights into bat evolutionary history and informs future conservation strategies for phylogenetic diversity.