Paediatric burns in Kuwait: incidence, causes and mortality

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Burn Epidemiology
• Public Health
• Injury Prevention

Background:

• Pediatric burn injuries represent a significant public health concern globally.
• Understanding the incidence, causes, and mortality patterns is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies.
• Kuwait's Burn Center data provides a valuable regional insight into pediatric burn epidemiology.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the incidence, causes, and mortality rates of pediatric burn injuries in Kuwait.
• To identify demographic and clinical factors associated with burn severity and outcomes in children.
• To inform targeted interventions for high-risk pediatric populations.

Main Methods:

• Prospective study of 826 pediatric burn cases (0-14 years) admitted to Kuwait's Burn Center (1993-2001).
• Data collection included demographic characteristics, clinical features, and outcomes.
• Statistical analysis using SPSS, including correlation and multiple logistic regression.

Main Results:

• Overall incidence rate was 17.5/100,000 children, with a higher rate (34/100,000) in the 0-4 year age group (70.8% of cases).
• Scalds were the most common cause (67%), followed by flame burns (23%). Flame burns occurred in older children (mean age 6.4 years).
• Mortality rate was 0.23/100,000 children, highest in those under 5 years. Flame burns and TBSA ≥70% were significant predictors of fatal outcomes (OR=29.2).

Conclusions:

• Young children (under 5 years) and flame burns are significant risk factors for mortality in pediatric burn injuries.
• Total body surface area (TBSA) percentage is strongly correlated with hospital stay duration.
• Findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to reduce burn incidence and mortality in high-risk pediatric groups.