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Predicting physical activity intention and behaviour among children in a longitudinal sample.

Ryan E Rhodes1, Heather M Macdonald, Heather A McKay

  • 1University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada. rhodes@uvic.ca

Social Science & Medicine (1982)
|January 13, 2006
PubMed
Summary

The theory of planned behaviour (TPB) significantly predicts children's physical activity intention and behavior. Interventions should focus on subjective norms and perceived control to boost activity levels in children.

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Area of Science:

  • Child Psychology
  • Behavioral Science
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Childhood physical inactivity is a growing public health concern.
  • Understanding the psychological determinants of physical activity in children is crucial for developing effective interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine predictors of leisure-time physical activity intention and behavior in children.
  • To investigate the direct and moderating effects of gender and ethnicity on physical activity.
  • To assess the predictive power of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) on physical activity.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study with 364 children (9-11 years old) in Canada.
  • Measures included the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) constructs and physical activity behavior (Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children).

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  • Data collected across three, 3-month intervals using structural equation modelling and autoregressive path analysis.

    • Main Results:

    • The TPB explained 35-50% of the variance in physical activity behavior and 74-76% in intention.
    • Intention and perceived behavioral control directly predicted behavior; subjective norm and perceived behavioral control predicted intention.
    • Ethnicity mediated physical activity through perceived behavioral control (Asians less active than Caucasians); gender showed no robust relationship.

    Conclusions:

    • Childhood is a critical period for developing physical activity cognitions.
    • Interventions promoting physical activity in children should target subjective norms and perceived behavioral control.
    • The TPB provides a valuable framework for understanding and influencing children's physical activity.