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Gender differences in alcohol and substance use relapse.

Kimberly S Walitzer¹, Ronda L Dearing

¹Research Institute on Addictions/University at Buffalo, 1021 Main St., Buffalo, NY 14203, United States. walitzer@ria.buffalo.edu

Clinical Psychology Review

|January 18, 2006

Summary

Gender influences relapse in substance use, with marriage acting as a risk for women but a protective factor for men. Women are less likely to relapse to substance use than men.

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Area of Science:

Addiction research
Gender studies
Psychology

Background:

Understanding gender differences in relapse is crucial for effective addiction treatment.
Previous research indicates varying relapse patterns across genders for alcohol and substance use.

Purpose of the Study:

To review and analyze gender differences in relapse rates and characteristics for alcohol and substance use disorders.
To identify factors predicting relapse and explore how gender moderates these associations.

Main Methods:

Systematic review of existing literature on gender and relapse in alcohol and substance use.
Analysis of predictors of relapse, including mood, abuse history, self-efficacy, coping, and relationship status.

Main Results:

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Alcohol relapse rates were similar across genders, but marriage moderated risk differently: a risk for women, protective for men.
Women relapsing to substance use were less common than men and more sensitive to negative affect and interpersonal issues.
Men's substance use relapse was associated with positive experiences prior to relapse.

Conclusions:

Marriage's impact on alcohol relapse differs by gender, potentially due to partner drinking behaviors.
Women may be at higher risk of alcohol relapse within marriage, while men may be protected.
Limited data exists for substance use, but women appear less likely to relapse, with distinct triggers compared to men.