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Physiology applied to field hockey.

T Reilly1, A Borrie

  • 1Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool Polytechnic, England.

Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)
|July 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Field hockey demands significant physiological adaptations due to synthetic surfaces, requiring high aerobic power (VO2 max) and anaerobic capacity for elite performance. Players experience heavy exercise loads and increased injury risks, necessitating specialized physical conditioning.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Field hockey has evolved rapidly, with synthetic surfaces altering technical, tactical, and physiological demands.
  • Modern field hockey is classified as 'heavy exercise' due to its high physiological cost.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the physiological demands and energy expenditure of field hockey.
  • To profile the physical characteristics of elite male and female players.
  • To identify physiological factors differentiating elite from lower-level players.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on the physiological aspects of field hockey.
  • Analysis of reported VO2 values, energy expenditure, somatotypes, body fat percentage, and anaerobic/aerobic power.

Main Results:

  • Field hockey involves high energy expenditure (36–50 kJ/min) and oxygen consumption (VO2 2.26 L/min).
  • Female players show specific somatotypes (3.5/4.0/2.5) and body fat ranges (16–26%), with anaerobic power distinguishing elite players.
  • Male players exhibit a trend towards mesomorphy, with high anaerobic power comparable to soccer players and aerobic power exceeding 60 ml/kg/min for elite play.
  • Significant physical strain, including spinal shrinkage, and increased injury risk on synthetic surfaces are noted.

Conclusions:

  • Elite field hockey performance requires substantial physiological capabilities, including high aerobic and anaerobic power.
  • Understanding these physiological demands is crucial for training and injury prevention in modern field hockey.
  • Synthetic surfaces present unique challenges, impacting player physiology and injury profiles.

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