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Related Experiment Videos

Tentative reference values for gold, silver and platinum: literature data analysis.

G Perrelli1, G Piolatto

  • 1Department of Traumatology, Orthopaedy and Occupational Health, Turin University, Italy.

The Science of the Total Environment
|June 9, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Reference values for therapeutic metals in bodily fluids are proposed. Normal silver levels can reach 10 µg/L in blood and 1 µg/L in urine, while gold

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Toxicology
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Limited data exists on therapeutic metal concentrations in biological fluids.
  • Existing data for silver, gold, and platinum is inconsistent.
  • Establishing reference values is crucial for therapeutic monitoring and safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose tentative reference values for silver and gold in biological fluids.
  • To assess the detectability of platinum in normal subjects.
  • To provide a basis for future research and clinical guidelines.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of existing literature on therapeutic metal levels.
  • Analysis of representative studies to establish tentative reference ranges.
  • Comparison of concentrations across different biological matrices (blood, urine).

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Main Results:

  • For silver, suggested ranges are up to 10 µg/L in whole blood and 1 µg/L in urine for normal subjects.
  • For gold, an upper limit of 0.5 µg/L is proposed for both whole blood and urine.
  • Platinum was not detected in detectable amounts in blood or urine of normal subjects.

Conclusions:

  • Tentative reference values for silver and gold in biological fluids are proposed.
  • Platinum is unlikely to be present at detectable levels in normal individuals.
  • Further research is needed to refine these reference values and expand to other therapeutic metals.