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[Antimicrobial sensitivity of Haemophilus influenzae strains isolated from children]
D Petreska-Sibinovska1, S Milosavljević-Ristić, I Janić
1Children's University Hospital, Belgrade.
Abstract:
Antibiotic susceptibility of 1308 Haemophilus sp. strains isolated in children was evaluated over a 6-year period. Based on their source and clinical presentation all strains were divided in three groups. The first group consisted of 1264 strains obtained by throat and nasal swab; the second of 30 mucosal strains isolated in children manifesting non-invasive infection and the third of 14 invasive strains, Haemophilus influenzae(Hi)tip b, isolated from blood, CSF, pleural and synovial effusion. The isolates of the first and the second group demonstrated high susceptibility (90%) to chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and ceftriaxone, lower (70-90%) ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and low susceptibility (less than 25%) to penicillin, lincomycin and cefalexin. Invasive strains of Hi tip b were resistant to multiple drugs, showing susceptibility exclusively to chloramphenicol, erythromycin and ceftriaxone. Guidance for the treatment of the invasive and non-invasive infections and chemoprophylaxis are discussed.
Insights
Antibiotic resistance varies in Haemophilus sp. strains from children. Invasive strains, particularly Haemophilus influenzae type b, show resistance to multiple drugs, necessitating careful treatment selection.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Antimicrobial Resistance
Background:
- Haemophilus sp. are common causes of pediatric infections.
- Understanding antibiotic susceptibility is crucial for effective treatment and public health.
- Antibiotic resistance patterns can vary geographically and over time.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility of Haemophilus sp. strains isolated from children over a six-year period.
- To compare susceptibility patterns between non-invasive and invasive isolates.
- To inform treatment guidelines for pediatric Haemophilus infections.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 1308 Haemophilus sp. isolates from pediatric patients.
- Categorization of isolates into non-invasive (throat/nasal swabs, mucosal) and invasive (blood, CSF, effusions) groups.
- Antimicrobial susceptibility testing using standard methods.
Main Results:
- Non-invasive isolates showed high susceptibility (>90%) to chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and ceftriaxone.
- Lower susceptibility (70-90%) was observed for ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in non-invasive strains.
- Invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b strains exhibited multi-drug resistance, with susceptibility only to chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and ceftriaxone.
Conclusions:
- Significant differences in antibiotic susceptibility exist between non-invasive and invasive pediatric Haemophilus isolates.
- Chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and ceftriaxone remain effective against most pediatric Haemophilus strains, including invasive ones.
- The study highlights the need for updated treatment and chemoprophylaxis guidelines for Haemophilus infections in children due to evolving resistance patterns.