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Updated: Aug 13, 2026

An Optimized Hemagglutination Inhibition (HI) Assay to Quantify Influenza-specific Antibody Titers
Published on: December 1, 2017
Retrospective assessment of influenza vaccine effectiveness among the non-institutionalized elderly population in
Kotaro Ozasa1, Yutaka Kawahito, Takashi Doi
1Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan. kozasa@koto.kpu-m.ac.jp
Abstract:
To construct a framework for monitoring the effectiveness of influenza vaccine, we retrospectively surveyed elderly (> or = 65 years old) people living in rural areas of Kyoto prefecture, Japan, using a self-administered questionnaire, for their influenza-related symptoms during the peak influenza season of 2003-2004. A total of 2301 elderly individuals responded, of whom 1533 (66.6%) had been vaccinated. The odds ratio (OR) of vaccination for fever of > or = 38 degrees C, adjusted for sex, age and underlying conditions, was 0.77 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.40-1.47), and the OR for a diagnosis of influenza in clinics was 0.81 (95% CI, 0.41-1.57). These findings suggested that the vaccine was 20% effective, although this effectiveness was not statistically significant.
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