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Phosphate concentration in artificial tears.

W Bernauer1, M A Thiel, U M Langenauer

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland. wolfgang.bernauer@hin.ch

Graefe'S Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht Von Graefes Archiv Fur Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie
|January 19, 2006
PubMed
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Many artificial tears contain high phosphate levels, increasing corneal calcification risk in patients with epithelial keratopathy. Caution is advised with these products to prevent vision-threatening complications.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Corneal Health
  • Ocular Surface Disease

Background:

  • Phosphate is a common buffer in ophthalmic solutions like irrigating solutions and eye drops.
  • Elevated phosphate concentrations can lead to corneal calcification, especially in cases of epithelial keratopathy.
  • Understanding phosphate levels in artificial tears is crucial for preventing ocular complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the phosphate concentration in various commercially available artificial tear preparations.
  • To assess the prevalence of unphysiological phosphate levels in artificial tears.
  • To inform clinical practice regarding the safe use of artificial tears.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 59 distinct artificial tear samples.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Phosphate quantification using the molybdate method.
  • Automated analysis performed on a Modular P autoanalyzer.

    • Main Results:

    • 44% (26/59) of artificial tears exhibited phosphate concentrations exceeding physiological levels (>1.45 mmol/l).
    • 15% (9/59) of products contained phosphate levels above 25 mmol/l.
    • 5% (3/59) of artificial tears had phosphate concentrations greater than 50 mmol/l.

    Conclusions:

    • A significant proportion of artificial tears contain unphysiological phosphate concentrations.
    • While high concentrations are infrequent, they pose a risk for calcium phosphate deposition on damaged corneas.
    • Judicious use of specific artificial tear formulations is recommended for patients with compromised corneal epithelium.