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COSMIC 2005
S Forbes1, J Clements, E Dawson
1Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA, UK.
British Journal of Cancer
|January 20, 2006
Summary
The Catalogue Of Somatic Mutations In Cancer (COSMIC) database now includes over 538 cancer genes. This expanded resource provides crucial somatic mutation data for cancer research and drug discovery.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Genomics
- Bioinformatics
Background:
- The Catalogue Of Somatic Mutations In Cancer (COSMIC) database has been a key resource for over 25 years.
- Approximately 350 cancer genes have been identified, with 311 found to be somatically mutated.
- Previous versions focused on curated literature data for known cancer genes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To expand the COSMIC database with new somatic mutation data.
- To enhance data accessibility and analysis for the research community.
- To incorporate findings from systematic sequencing of protein kinase genes and cancer cell line screens.
Main Methods:
- Integration of previously reported somatic mutation data for 28 known cancer genes.
- Inclusion of data from systematic sequencing of 518 protein kinase genes.
- Analysis of mutations from a screen of known cancer genes in 728 cancer cell lines, including the NCI-60 set.
Main Results:
- The COSMIC database now contains data for 538 genes.
- Of these, 25 genes exhibit mutation frequencies above 5% in at least one tumor type.
- 333 genes showed no mutations, and 180 were rarely mutated (<5%).
Conclusions:
- The expanded COSMIC database offers a comprehensive resource for somatic mutation data in cancer.
- Enhanced web site features improve data querying, summarization, and download capabilities.
- The inclusion of cell line mutation data provides new avenues for cancer research and therapeutic target identification.