Consulting the oracle: ten lessons from using the Delphi technique in nursing research

Area of Science:

• Healthcare Research
• Nursing Research
• Consensus Building Methodologies

Background:

• The Delphi technique is increasingly utilized in healthcare and nursing research for consensus development.
• Existing literature primarily covers the 'what' and 'how-to' of the Delphi method, leaving practical application uncertainties.
• Key areas of confusion include expert definition, selection, consensus criteria, anonymity, and managing non-respondents.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide insights into the practical application of the Delphi technique.
• To share personal experiences gained over a decade of using the Delphi method in diverse research settings.
• To address common challenges and uncertainties encountered during Delphi study implementation.

Main Methods:

• The study is based on a 10-year retrospective analysis of personal experiences with the Delphi technique.
• The methodology involves outlining practical challenges and considerations in applying the Delphi technique.
• Focus is on real-world application rather than a theoretical review.

Main Results:

• Implementing the Delphi technique involves numerous practical challenges.
• Key issues include defining consensus, managing participant anonymity, estimating timelines, and selecting appropriate experts.
• Enhancing response rates and determining the optimal number of study rounds are critical considerations.

Conclusions:

• The Delphi technique remains a crucial tool for establishing consensus in areas lacking prior agreement.
• Researchers must carefully consider and adapt the method to their specific study needs.
• Addressing practical challenges related to consensus definition, expert engagement, and procedural aspects is essential for effective Delphi study execution.