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Elevated circulating levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in type 1 diabetic patients with and without retinopathy

S Jacqueminet1, O Ben Abdesselam, M-J Chapman

  • 1Service de Diabétologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 boulevard de l'hôpital, F75651 Paris Cedex 13, France. sophie.jacqueminet@psl.aphp.fr

Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry
|January 24, 2006
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Elevated matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) levels in type 1 diabetes patients may indicate diabetic retinopathy. MMP-9 and its ratio with TIMP-1 show promise as biomarkers for ocular complications.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Ophthalmology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus is associated with microvascular complications linked to extracellular matrix remodeling.
  • Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) play a role in this remodeling process.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate circulating levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in type 1 diabetic retinopathy.
  • To determine if MMP-9 and TIMP-1 can serve as biomarkers for ocular complications in type 1 diabetes.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 47 type 1 diabetic patients (40 without retinopathy, 14 with retinopathy) and 35 non-diabetic controls.
  • Excluded patients with macroangiopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy.
  • Measured peripheral blood levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 using immunoenzymatic assays.

Main Results:

  • Type 1 diabetic subjects had significantly higher MMP-9 and MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratios, and a trend for increased TIMP-1 compared to controls (p<0.001).
  • Diabetic patients with retinopathy showed elevated systemic MMP-9 and MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratios versus those without retinopathy (p<0.05).
  • Diabetes duration and MMP-9 serum levels were significant independent predictors of retinopathy.

Conclusions:

  • Peripheral blood MMP-9 levels may act as surrogate biomarkers for retinopathy in type 1 diabetic patients.
  • Further research can validate MMP-9 as a predictive marker for diabetic retinopathy.

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