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Trace metals analysis in selected pharmaceutical multimineral formulations.

Farzana Choudhary1, Zafar Iqbal, Taous Khan

  • 1Ministry of Health, Block-C, Pakistan Secretariat, Islamabad, Pakistan.

Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
|January 25, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Multimineral formulations in Pakistan often show higher calcium, iron, potassium, and magnesium levels than labeled. However, copper, manganese, and zinc are frequently found in lower amounts, impacting nutritional accuracy.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Analysis
  • Nutritional Chemistry
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Multimineral formulations are widely used for nutritional supplementation.
  • Ensuring accurate mineral content in pharmaceuticals is crucial for therapeutic efficacy and patient safety.
  • Variations in mineral content can arise from manufacturing processes, excipients, or contamination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the quantitative mineral content of pharmaceutical multimineral formulations marketed in Pakistan.
  • To compare the actual mineral levels with the labeled quantities for key minerals.
  • To identify potential discrepancies in mineral composition and their implications.

Main Methods:

  • Twelve pharmaceutical multimineral formulations were selected for analysis.

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  • Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) was employed to quantify mineral content.
  • Minerals analyzed included calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), potassium (K), and zinc (Zn).

    • Main Results:

    • Calcium, iron, potassium, and magnesium levels were generally within or above the labeled ranges.
    • Copper, manganese, and zinc levels were frequently lower than the labeled amounts across most formulations.
    • Potassium was detected in formulations where it was not declared, potentially due to excipients.

    Conclusions:

    • Significant variability exists in the mineral content of pharmaceutical multimineral products in Pakistan.
    • Lower levels of essential trace minerals (Cu, Mn, Zn) may compromise nutritional benefits.
    • Higher levels of macro-minerals (Ca, Fe, K, Mg) could be attributed to excipients or contamination, warranting further investigation.