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Updated: Aug 13, 2026

Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes
Published on: March 3, 2023
PCR classification of CTX-M-type beta-lactamase genes identified in clinically isolated gram-negative bacilli in
Naohiro Shibata1, Hiroshi Kurokawa, Yohei Doi
1Department of Bacterial Pathogenesis and Infection Control, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
Abstract:
Of 1,456 strains isolated from 2001 to 2003 demonstrating resistance to either oxyimino-cephalosporin, 317 strains, isolated in 57 of 132 clinical facilities, were found to harbor bla(CTX-M) genes by PCR. Fifty-seven, 161, and 99 strains harbored bla(CTX-M) genes belonging to the bla(CTX-M-1), bla(CTX-M-2), and bla(CTX-M-9) clusters, respectively.
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